Steam turbine-engine.



No. 840,771. lATENT-BD JAN. s, 1907.

A A. W. JACKSON,

' STEAM TURBINE ENGINE.

APPL IIIIIIIIIIIII AY 12, 1906,

maf/f xga-575655@ Y new# x d mma/U/fwswp v A 133 my? No. 840,771.PATENTED JAN. 8, 1907.

` A. W. JACKSON.

STEAM TURBINE ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 12. 190e.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 2.

AMARIAH W. JACKSON, CF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.v

STEAM TURBINE-ENGINE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

' Patented Jan. 8, 1907.

Application filed May 12, 1906. Serial No. 316,547.

To all whom t nfl/wy concern: l

Be it known that I, AMARIAH W. JACKSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at 315 East Sixty-third street, in the city of Chicago, countyof Cook, and State of Illinois, have invented a new and usefulImprovement in Steam Turbine-Engines, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention relates to that class of engines known as steam-turbines.

The object of my invention is to produce a simple andcheaply-constructed engine in which by the fullest application of theprinciple of deflection to secure the largest percentage of the initialand expansive force of the steam entering the engine and convert it intomotion ;A that While constructed of but two parts will be automatic inaction.

The manner in which I accomplish my object is set forth in the followingspecification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which--Figure 1 is a central vertical section on the line 1 1, Fig. 9. y Fig. 2is a central vertical section on line 1 1, Fig. 9, showing theconstruction of the main supporting fixed half of the engine. Fig. 3 isa vertical sectional view on the line 1 1, Fig. 9, showing theconstruction of the supportedrotatableart of the engine. Fig. 4 is avertical centraIcrosssectional view on the line 6 6, Fig. 8, showing theconstruction of the main supporting fixed half of engine. Fig. 5 is avertical central cross-sectional view on the line 6 6, Fig. 8, showingthe construction of the supported rotatable half of the engine. Fig. 6is a central vertical cross-sectional view on the line 6 6, Fig. 8,showingboth halves of the engine in the operating position.

etail sec-tional view of one of the steamorts, showing the corrugatedfaces therein. ig. 8 is a sideview of the engine, and Fig. 9 is a frontview of the engine.

` In the drawings, A indicates the main stationary half of the engine,cylindrical `in form, rovided with a base A. One side A2 of t is formsan integral part of this half i and has a central aperture A3, intowhich a steam-supply pipe A4 is attached. This aperture opens into asteam-chamber A5. Extending through the wall of this chamber is a seriesof steam-ports B. The direction of these ports is tangential to the axisof the chamber and engine. The external face A of the wall of thissteam-chambery forms a central finished circular tapered bearing A7.

Fig. 7'lis agthese ports is in the same tangential'direcsteam-ports B,corresponding in number.

with ports B in the bearing A7. These ports in cross-section areV-shaped, the apex of the angle of each port being on an imaginaryconcentric circle through the longitudinal center of the bearingAS. i

The tangential direction of the inner half B2 ofthe ports B in the.bearing A8 is opposite to the tangential direction of the ports B in thebearing A7, the tangential direction of the outer half B3 of the portsB2 being the same as that of the portsB. Spaced from the bearing A8 isthe outercylindrical part A9 `of they stationary half A. The interiorperiphery A10 of this partis finished to a taper bearingsurface.Extending through this cylindrical part is a series of steam-ports B4,the same in number, shape, and direction as the ports in the bearing A8.These ports open into anI exhaust-chamber B5, which encircles thisseries of ports and permits the steam therefrom to escape through anexhaust-pipe B". At the bottom of the V-shaped spaces C are' annularchannels C.

` The rotatable half D `of the engine is adapted to fit the concentricbearingsin the stag y* tionary half A. The central part forms a tapercylinder D', adapted to fit on the bearing A7. The wall D2 of thiscylinder is taered externally to fit the inside face of the caring A8.Extending through this Wall is a series of steam-ports E,correspondingin number with the ports B in the bearing A7,.

In cross-section these ports are V-shaped,

the apex E of the angle being on an imaginery concentric circle throughthe longitudiy nal center of the wall D2 of the cylinderl D.v Thedirection of the inner half E2 of eachof tion as that of the ports B inthe bearing A7, the outer half E3 of each port extending at an anglethereto in the opposite direction. The inner openings E2v of` theseports correspond in size and register with the ports Bin the bearing A7,and the outer openings vE3 registerwith the inner openings B of thebearing A8. Spaced from and concentric with the wall D2 of the cylinderD and forming an integral part of the half D is a cylindrical ring D3.This ring is tapered and adapted to fit in the annular space C formed,'by the bearing A8 and bearing-surface A10' of IIO the outer cylindricalpart AD of the main part A. Extending through this ring is a series ofports E4, corresponding in number with and 'in the same angular shapeand direction as ports E in the part D2. These ports are adapted toregister with the ports B and B3 in the bearings A8 and A9. At thebottom of the spaces F are channels F. The channels C and F at thebottom of the spaces C and F are adapted to allow a clearance for theends of the bearing-surfaces, and thereby prevent the wearing ofshoulders therein.

When the two halves of the engine are constructed and finished asdescribed and shown and the part D is placed into the part A andadjusted therein by any suitable means adapted to hold the parts inadjustment, the operation of the engine is as follows: A steam-supply isturned into the chamber A5 through the supply-pipe A4. The steam passesfrom this chamber through the ports B and is deflected so that itstrikes the inner half E2 of the ports E in the rotatable part D of theengine and is again deflected by the outer half Esof the ports E andthen enters the ports B in the part A. The action of the steam againstthe angular faces of the ports E forces the part D to rotate in thedirection of the arrows. The steam is deflected again in the ports B inthe direction of the rotation of the part D. The steam then enters theports E4L in the part D, im-

'pelling the part D in its rotary motion, and

escapes through the ports Blinto the exhaustchambers B5, from whence itpasses out of the engine through the exhaust-pipe B". The rotarymovement of the part D can be transmitted from the shaft G or by othermeans affixed or attached to any part of the outer surface of the partD.

Itis obvious that when the steam is turned into the engine if the portsE in the cylindrical part D2 do not register with the ports B of thesteam-chamber A5 a slight rotary movement of the part D will bring theports into line and the engine will rotate at once. It is also apparentthat the number of concentric cylindrical bearing-surfaces and series ofports in the fixed and rotatable parts of the engine can be increased'with the size of the engine and the engine be thereby adapted toutilize the full expansive force of the steam as it passes through theports from the center to the circumference. For the purpose of retardingthe passage of the steam through the ports of the rotating part of theengine and to thereby increase its propelling force l construct theforward wall of each of said ports 'with corrugations H, as shown in thefractional detail sectional view in Fig. 7. It is also obvious that thestationary body may be made of a back plate and supportingbase and thatthe steam-chamber and concentric cylindrical bearings can be finished inseparate parts and attached to said back plate, and so with therotatable part. The main body forming the back of that part can beprepared and finished and the concentric cylinders attached thereto.

The engine can also be adapted so that the number of ports may vary inboth the stationary and rotatable parts and the steam be admittedthrough the periphery of the engine and exhaust throughout its centralpart, and any fluid under pressure can be used as the propelling orimpelling force.

Vhat l claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A turbine-engine formed of two members, one of said members beingstationary and adapted to stand or be aflixed in a permanent position,said member having a central inlet for admission of steam, asteamchamber forming an extension of said inlet, the walls of saidchamber forming an external central cylindrical taper bearing, a seriesof tangential steam-ports extending through the taper Wall of saidchamber and bearing; a taper cylindrical external and internal bearingconcentric with said central bearing and spaced therefrom; a series oftangential V-shaped steam-ports extending through said bearing; aninternal taper cylindrical bearing, concentric with said external andinternal bearing and spaced therefrom; a series of V-shaped tangentialsteam-ports extending through saicl bearing; an exhaustchamberencircling said ports 1n said internal bearing, said ports opening intosaid exhaust-chamber, said exhaust-chamber having an oulet through theexterior wall of said member; a rotatable member of said engine, saidmember having a central external and internal cylindrical taper bearingadapted to lit the corresponding central external bearings in saidstationary member, a series of V-shaped tangential steam-ports extendingthrough the wall of said cylinder, said ports corresponding in numberand adapted to register with the ports in said corresponding externalcentral bearing in said stationary member; a taper cylindrical externaland internal bearing concentric with said central external and internalbearing and spaced therefrom, said bearing being adapted to fit thecorresponding internal and external bearings in the stationary member, aseries of V-shaped steam-ports, corresponding in number and adapted toregister with the ports in said bearings in said stationary part, andmeans for holding and adjusting said rotatable member in the stationarymember substantially as and for the purposes specified.

2. In a turbine-engine of the kind described, the combination of astationary member, having a central steam inlet and chamber, theexternal wall of said chamber forming a central external cylindricalbearing, piercedwith a series of tangential steam- ICO IIO

ports, and concentric internal and external cylindrical bearing spacedfrom said central bearing pierced With aseries of V-shaped tangentialsteam-ports, and an internal concentric bearing spaced from saidexternal and internal concentric bearing, ierced With a series ofV-shaped tangentia ports, and an exhaust-steam chamber encircling saidinternal concentric bearing and connected with and forming anexhaust-outlet for the said steam-ports; with a rotatable member havingtaper concentric cylindrical bearings, corresponding With and adapted toht the bearings in said stationary member, said bearings in saidrotatable member being pierced with V-shaped tangential steam-ports,corresponding in number and adapted to register with thesteam-ports inthe bearings in said stationary parts; and means for adjustin andholding said rotatable member in sai stationary member.

3. -In a turbine-engine' of the kind described, the combination ofl astationary member having an external axial taper bearing an axialsteam-inlet and chamber Within l said bearing; radial tanglential portsextending from said chamber t rough said bearing; a plurality of tapercylindrical bearings concentric With said axial bearing and spacedtherefrom and from each other; radial tangential ports extending througheach of said bearings; an exhaust chamber and outlet, said chamber beingconcentric With said cylindrical bearings; radial tangential portsextending through the outer cylindrical bearinfr into saidexhaust-chamber, With a. rotatable member having an internal axialbearing adapted to fit said axial bearing on said stationary member; aplurality of taper cylindrical bearin s adapted to iit and to berotatable on sai cylindrical bearings on said stationary member radialtangential ports extending through said axial and said cylindricalbearings adapted to register With said ports in said stationary member.

4. In a turbine-engine of the kind described, the combination comprisinga supporting member, having a base and central aperture for a steamnlet;a cylindrical steam-chamber aflixed to said supporting member, saidchamber being pierced With a series of tangential steam-ports, andinished externally as a central cylindrical bearing; a cylindrical ringaiiixed to said supporting member concentric Withsaid central bearing,said ring being pierced With a series .of tangential V-sha edsteam-ports; a cylindrical ring afhxe on said supporting member,concentric With the inner rin and central bearing, said ring being finised internally and pierced With a series of tangential V-shapedsteam-ports, said` ports opening into an exhaust-chamber forming thebodyl bearings attached to said supporting mem-A ber, and adapted to berotated in and on said bearings said steam-ports in said rings beingadapted to register With each other and to 'permit the passage of steamtherethrough,

and means for adjusting and holdin said members and their bearing partsto et er.

5. In a turbine-engine of the ind described, the combination of onestationary f member With one movable member, said stationary memberhaving an external axial bearing; a central steam-inlet in said bearingradial tangential ports from said inlet through said bearing;cylindrical bearings concentric With said axial bearing, s acedtherefrom and from each other; radia tan-l gential ports extendingthrough said bearings, and an exhaust-port concentric With saidbearings, radial ports connecting said exhaust-port With said bearings;said movable member having an internal axial bearing and cylindricalconcentric bearings adapted to it said bearings on said stationarymember and to be revolved thereon; radial tangential ports extendingthrough said axial and cylindrical bearings adapted to register Withsaid ports in said stationary member.

6. In a steam-engine ofthe kind described, the combination of astationary part consisting of series of concentric cylindrical bearings,pierced by a series of tangential steamports,A the advance face of eachof said ports eing corrugated across the line of passage of the steam,and a rotative part consisting of a series of concentric cylindricalbearings pierced by a series of tangential steam-ports, said portshaving corru ated faces, said corrgations being across t e line of thepassage of the steam, the cylindrical parts of said stationary and saidrotatable parts of said engine being adapted to iit each other and thesteam-ports to register and permit the passage of steam from the centerof said stationary part through all of said stationary and rotativecylinders.

AM ARIAH vv, JACKSON.

Witnesses JOSEPH STAAB, THoMAs J. MoimfAN.`

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